老師您好 Ideally, the agents would have "sat on" Zubaydah, monitoring his contacts and e-mails for as long as possible to unlock his secret plots and pick up clues about bin Laden. But the FBI was worried about leaks within the Pakistani government. And the longer the surveillance dragged on, the more likely the watchers were to be spotted by Zubaydah's team. So they struck 1 would have "sat on"是過去非事實，那麼monitoring可以還原為so the agents would have monitored(過去非事實)... ?
Males are about 15% bigger--sufficient to suggest that male departures from monogamy, like female departures, are not just a recent cultural invention 2 just=exactly ? 3 原句的not just 與she is not just my friend, she is my lawyer中的not just 意思不同?
The force would be withdrawn as soon as possible, to be replaced, if necessary, by an ordinary peacekeeping force. 4 to be replaced...=The force would be withdrawn in order to be replaced ?
The Consumer Federation claims banks are ripping you off by not passing along savings on interest rates... 5 not passing along savings on interest rates:沒有把存款的利息付給客戶? on的意思是 謝謝老師
1 交代一次就行了：...would have sat on something while they monitored... 2 not simply, not only，暗示早就有了 3 差不多 4 ...would be withdrawn so that it would be replaced... 5 沒有把因為調整利率而省下來的錢轉給客戶。pass on有轉手的意思
I'm glad to know you 可還原為 I'm glad because I can know you .「很高興『能夠』認識你」。I can swim是「我『會游泳』」，這和I am swimming不同：「會游泳」只是一種能力，並沒有真正在游。「正在游泳」才是真正在做，後者才是事實語氣。
老師您好 I can't imagine why she would be so late. [=I do not understand why she is so late] 1 would為何不改成is?
In the 1960 election both men seemed to underestimate each other. Nixon thought Kennedy too green to be President, while Kennedy could not imagine why any American would prefer Nixon to him. 2 Kennedy could not... 表示:Kennedy認為自己有勝算? 3 could not imagine 應該沒有didn't understand的意思，因為如果有didn't understand的意思，則Kennedy 會認為自己沒有勝算 ?
They decided she was marrying beneath her... 4 表示:她在結婚的當下認為婚姻不適合她 ?
He's not above lying to protect himself 5 He's not above lying= he sometimes lies， 為什麼會有sometimes 的味道在?
I thought you were above lying to people. [=I thought such dishonest behavior was beneath you] 6 意思是:你沒有說謊(事實)，因為說謊這一件事not suitable for you? 謝謝老師
the European countries可以指稱「所有歐洲國家」，也可以指「特定那幾個歐洲國家」，例如the European countries with high GDPs。如果說European countries，同樣可以是「所有歐洲國家」，但也可以是「某些不特定的國家」，例如All the above are European countries。
老師您好 It didn't occur to me that this photograph would become the enduring image of our failure in Vietnam. But it worked strongly on me, and still does: that wdie-open sky waiting above the helicopter.... and most eloquent, the figure of the creww chief silhouetted against the empty sky, pulling some fearful soul from one life into another... 1 most eloquent 為何不改成most eloquently?
It is to be hoped that he is merely drumming up business. 2 It is to be hoped that 跟It is hoped that意思有什麼不同?
What accouts for the revival of convertibles? Automakers seem to have rediscovered a couple of old maxims about the sexy beasts: they can be profit machines, and they drive showroom traffic, bathing an otherwise humdrum line of sedans with an aura of cool. 3 they drive showroom traffic意思是:showroom 滿滿是人? 4 bathing...意思是:讓sedans沾了convertibles之cool 的光?
Hype by a seductively surreptitious $35 million marketing campaign, a new version of the Mini hit US ... 5 hyped 是比較高調，而 surreptitious是比較低調，不了解seductively surreptitious的意思是 ?
a gentle ringing noise 6 gentle=mild，而ringing=loud，把gentle ringing放在一起該如何解釋 ?
A posse of kids picked on her for looking a little too inquisitively at their circle of activity 7 looking 後面加形容詞，為何接inquisitively?
Education is but one of three reasons they come to deliver. The others: parents think their children will end up working in the US at a good job; and that the kids can avoid South Korea's mandatory 26-month military duty. 8 and that the kids can... 有that可還原: (parents thinks) that the kids can ... ? 謝謝老師
1 副詞子句減化，只留下形容詞補語 2 時態的差別。it will/must/should... be hoped that相當於it is to be hoped that 3 是。吸引人潮 4 是。分詞構句，還原為副詞子句because convertibles bathe sedans with an aura of cool 5 廣告不是大張旗鼓進行，而正因為如此，反而更誘人 6 ringing形容是哪種聲音，gentle則是形容音量 7 She looks beautiful，形容詞beautiful當主詞補語，修飾she。但是She looks amusedly at her husband，副詞amusedly修飾動詞look，後面沒有形容詞補語（這個動詞解釋為「看」，不解釋為「看起來是」），只有介系詞片語at her husband修飾「在看誰」。 8 是
老師好 以下是某英文教材當中的連續三則句子: Despite the flexibility and mobility of hand-held devices, people love a big screen. They also seem to follow the same pattern of peak viewing times as TV primetime and weekends. They still enjoy watching live sports, sitcoms, breaking news, and dramas on TV, but they also expect a lot more from it. 我的問題是關於第二則句子當中the same…as的平行比較用法有誤，因為as為連接詞，其意為如或像。如例句: Mr. Lee uses the same amount of petrol as Mr. John (does). 如此說來，主要子句主詞為They，而as引導的副詞子句的主詞為TV primetime and weekends，造成語意不通! Chatgpt告訴我應修正為: They also seem to follow the same pattern of peak viewing times as TV primetime and weekend viewing. 此改法將as當做介系詞，表”為”之意。 我覺得這樣的改法，適當的介係詞應為like。另若維持as連接詞的用法，此句應改為: They also seem to follow the same pattern of peak viewing times as they watch TV on primetime and weekends. 請老師解惑，謝謝。
首先，the same要搭配的是as，這是個固定的片語，不宜修改。其次，the same pattern of peak viewing times as TV primetime and weekend viewing，裏面的as TV primetime and weekend viewing可視為一個介系詞片語，修飾前面的the same 。因為TV primetime與weekend viewing都可以算是peak viewing time，所以並不違反比較級平行對稱的要求。
請教老師： 1. 為何 If I could decide "when" my work hour is 得改成 "what" is my work hour？ 2. On the heads side are the characters "reading" this coin's production year. 為何 reading 得改成 showing？ 謝謝解惑。
1 例如My office hours are nine to five.，句中的nine to five不是時間副詞修飾hours在什麼時候，而是名詞補語，與主詞hours全等。所以，製造疑問句要用的也是疑問代名詞what，而不是疑問副詞when。疑問句是What are my office hours?，改寫為名詞子句就是what my office hours are。 2 reading this coin's production year可還原為關係子句which read this coin's production year，修飾先行詞the characters。但是characters不是人，不能做read的動作，所以改為show，亦即The characters show the year。另一種講法：The characters read "Year 95 of the Republic of China."「中文字讀起來是『中華民國九十五年』。」read當作連綴動詞「讀起來是、讀作」解釋，後面是主詞補語，必須和主詞完全同義。
老師您好j Like the participants in the loveless couplings he describes, Conley doesn't invest a lot of emotion in his subject. Line for line, Conley is twice the writer Squires is, but in the end Conley's stud: Adventures in Breeding (Bloomsbury: 224 pages) lacks that mystical, elusive variable that seperates a merely good horse from a true champion: heart. 1 Line for line, Conley is twice the writer Squires is就寫作技術而言，Conley比較強 ?
Wittfogel's theory, however is no longer widely accepted now, for numerous centralized states have been found to have existed independent of irrigation systems. 2 "語氣是否定，但並非很強烈" 這個我懂。這個理論已不被接受(真的確定已不被接受)，為什麼有"skeptical"的味道在(skeptical的意思是: 不確定是不是不被接受) ?
His writing is so diffuse and obscure that it is difficult to make out what it is he is trying to say. 3 what it is he is trying to say.跟what he is trying to say.的差別是?
Struggling to recover from waning Covid vaccine demand, Pfizer is racing to catch up with Novo Nordisk A/S and Eli Lilly & Co. in an obesity-treatment market estimated to grow to more than $100 billion in size in the coming years 4 Struggling to =Pfizer is struggling to recover from waning Covid vaccine demand, and Pfizer is racing to… 。如果還原成while Pfizer is struggling to... ,Pfizer is racing to ... 會不會比較好 ?
It didn't occur to me that this photograph would become the enduring image of our failure in Vietnam. But it worked strongly on me, and still does: that wdie-open sky waiting above the helicopter.... and most eloquent, the figure of the creww chief silhouetted against the empty sky, pulling some fearful soul from one life into another... 5 most eloquent=while that is most eloquent (that是the figure of ... sky)? 謝謝老師
Excessive pressure is responsible for the failure of the 67% of subjects of the experiment to quit smoking. 1. 請問老師上句的 the 67% 的 the 是不是多的？67% of 是限定詞，就像 one-third of ，既然分數前面不加 the ，百分比前面是不是也不加？ 2. subjects of the experiment 跟 the subjects of the experiment 語意是不是沒差？ 謝謝老師回答。
老師您好 It is to be hoped that he is merely drumming up business. 1 it will/must/should... be hoped . will是未來式，再搭配 he is merely drumming 現在進行式，感覺好像怪怪的(在未來的時候希望: 現在發生什麼事)，不知如何解釋? 2must /should都可以表達未來式嗎?
a gentle ringing noise 3 ringing noise是鈴聲，與A ringing sound is loud and can be heard very clearly.的ringing 有別?
Learning to read can be frustrating. But not as thinking as you never will. 4 But not as thinking as you never will.的意思是 ?
They decided she was marrying beneath her... 5 was marrying表示:正在結婚的當下 ?
His writing is so diffuse and obscure that it is difficult to make out what it is he is trying to say. 6 what it is he is trying to say.=(it is )what it is (that) he is trying to say ? 謝謝老師
老師您好
回覆刪除Ideally, the agents would have "sat on" Zubaydah, monitoring his contacts and e-mails for as long as possible to unlock his secret plots and pick up clues about bin Laden. But the FBI was worried about leaks within the Pakistani government. And the longer the surveillance dragged on, the more likely the watchers were to be spotted by Zubaydah's team. So they struck
1 would have "sat on"是過去非事實，那麼monitoring可以還原為so the agents would have monitored(過去非事實)... ?
Males are about 15% bigger--sufficient to suggest that male departures from monogamy, like female departures, are not just a recent cultural invention
2 just=exactly ?
3 原句的not just 與she is not just my friend, she is my lawyer中的not just 意思不同?
The force would be withdrawn as soon as possible, to be replaced, if necessary, by an ordinary peacekeeping force.
4 to be replaced...=The force would be withdrawn in order to be replaced ?
The Consumer Federation claims banks are ripping you off by not passing along savings on interest rates...
5 not passing along savings on interest rates:沒有把存款的利息付給客戶?
on的意思是
謝謝老師
1
刪除交代一次就行了：...would have sat on something while they monitored...
2
not simply, not only，暗示早就有了
3
差不多
4
...would be withdrawn so that it would be replaced...
5
沒有把因為調整利率而省下來的錢轉給客戶。pass on有轉手的意思
旋
老師好，I'm glad to know you. 的不定詞可以解釋成 can ，表不確定語氣，這是不是因為還沒真的認識，所以才用上了不定詞呢？那麼 I can swim. 的不確定語氣是在於還沒真的游泳嗎？謝謝解惑。
回覆刪除I'm glad to know you 可還原為 I'm glad because I can know you .「很高興『能夠』認識你」。I can swim是「我『會游泳』」，這和I am swimming不同：「會游泳」只是一種能力，並沒有真正在游。「正在游泳」才是真正在做，後者才是事實語氣。
刪除老師您好
回覆刪除I can't imagine why she would be so late. [=I do not understand why she is so late]
1 would為何不改成is?
In the 1960 election both men seemed to underestimate each other. Nixon thought Kennedy too green to be President, while Kennedy could not imagine why any American would prefer Nixon to him.
2 Kennedy could not... 表示:Kennedy認為自己有勝算?
3 could not imagine 應該沒有didn't understand的意思，因為如果有didn't understand的意思，則Kennedy 會認為自己沒有勝算 ?
They decided she was marrying beneath her...
4 表示:她在結婚的當下認為婚姻不適合她 ?
He's not above lying to protect himself
5 He's not above lying= he sometimes lies， 為什麼會有sometimes 的味道在?
I thought you were above lying to people. [=I thought such dishonest behavior was beneath you]
6 意思是:你沒有說謊(事實)，因為說謊這一件事not suitable for you?
謝謝老師
1
刪除意思是「怎麼會」
2
是
3
是。「無法想像某種可能性」和「不了解某件事情」之間的差別
4
別人認為這個女的所嫁非人、配不上她
5
above lying意思是認為lying is beneath him：自認為人格高尚、不屑說謊。not above lying就變成「不是絕不肯做、並非不屑去做」，也就是「可以偶一為之」
6
「我原本以為你是不屑說謊騙人的」，暗示「沒想到你也會說謊！」
旋
請問老師
回覆刪除a smugglers’ boat capsized 有兩個中位限定詞，這樣寫對嗎？謝謝。
標點符號錯了，應改為a smuggler's boat。其中a是smuggler的限定詞：a smuggler「一名走私客」。然後，加上表示所有格的-'s成為a smuggler's，搭配名詞boat成為名詞片語a smuggler's boat，其中a smuggler's是所有格、中位限定詞，boat是名詞。所以，這個名詞片語包了兩層。同樣的情況例如my father's company，其中my是father的限定詞，my father's是company的限定詞，也是包了兩層。
刪除旋
請教旋老師
刪除1. 承上題，若要表示數名走私客搭的一艘船，是不是就要說 a smugglers’ boat ？但這一來還是有兩個中位限定詞。
2. meet minimal requirements for rice farming 這裡沒用定冠詞，請問有加沒加的語意差別是甚麼？有加表示那幾個，沒加只表示數個嗎？
謝謝老師
1
刪除比較特殊的情況，如「女子學校」：a girls' school，意思是a school for girls，其中girls'等於是放在形容詞位置，並不具有限定詞的功能，所以如果只說girls' school，這個名詞片語仍不完整：讀者只知道是「女校」，卻看不出來是一所還是數所、這所還是那所。得說a girls' school或the girls' school或girls' schools，名詞片語才算完整。但這種用法限於少數幾個特定的片語，例如美國預備軍官訓練團（ROTC），代表the Reserve Officers' Training Corp，全名是需要加the的。
2
(the) minimal requirements for rice farming，加不加the，文法都對，意思也沒有什麼差別。這種情況，在寫作時通常會選擇不加，比較簡潔。
旋
再請教老師，the 有加沒加意思沒差的判準是甚麼？像 the European countries 跟 European countries 應該就有別。以定冠詞來說，如何能追求簡潔又不擔心意思有誤呢？感恩。
刪除the European countries可以指稱「所有歐洲國家」，也可以指「特定那幾個歐洲國家」，例如the European countries with high GDPs。如果說European countries，同樣可以是「所有歐洲國家」，但也可以是「某些不特定的國家」，例如All the above are European countries。
刪除旋
老師您好
回覆刪除It didn't occur to me that this photograph would become the enduring image of our failure in Vietnam. But it worked strongly on me, and still does: that wdie-open sky waiting above the helicopter.... and most eloquent, the figure of the creww chief silhouetted against the empty sky, pulling some fearful soul from one life into another...
1 most eloquent 為何不改成most eloquently?
It is to be hoped that he is merely drumming up business.
2 It is to be hoped that 跟It is hoped that意思有什麼不同?
What accouts for the revival of convertibles? Automakers seem to have rediscovered a couple of old maxims about the sexy beasts: they can be profit machines, and they drive showroom traffic, bathing an otherwise humdrum line of sedans with an aura of cool.
3 they drive showroom traffic意思是:showroom 滿滿是人?
4 bathing...意思是:讓sedans沾了convertibles之cool 的光?
Hype by a seductively surreptitious $35 million marketing campaign, a new version of the Mini hit US ...
5 hyped 是比較高調，而 surreptitious是比較低調，不了解seductively surreptitious的意思是 ?
a gentle ringing noise
6 gentle=mild，而ringing=loud，把gentle ringing放在一起該如何解釋 ?
A posse of kids picked on her for looking a little too inquisitively at their circle of activity
7 looking 後面加形容詞，為何接inquisitively?
Education is but one of three reasons they come to deliver. The others: parents think their children will end up working in the US at a good job; and that the kids can avoid South Korea's mandatory 26-month military duty.
8 and that the kids can... 有that可還原: (parents thinks) that the kids can ... ?
謝謝老師
1
刪除副詞子句減化，只留下形容詞補語
2
時態的差別。it will/must/should... be hoped that相當於it is to be hoped that
3
是。吸引人潮
4
是。分詞構句，還原為副詞子句because convertibles bathe sedans with an aura of cool
5
廣告不是大張旗鼓進行，而正因為如此，反而更誘人
6
ringing形容是哪種聲音，gentle則是形容音量
7
She looks beautiful，形容詞beautiful當主詞補語，修飾she。但是She looks amusedly at her husband，副詞amusedly修飾動詞look，後面沒有形容詞補語（這個動詞解釋為「看」，不解釋為「看起來是」），只有介系詞片語at her husband修飾「在看誰」。
8
是
旋
請問老師本句的條件子句修飾的是 bought 嗎？
回覆刪除The man bought the diamond ring that the woman insisted on if his proposal was to be considered seriously.
謝謝
if子句修飾的應該是insisted。
刪除旋
老師好
回覆刪除以下是某英文教材當中的連續三則句子:
Despite the flexibility and mobility of hand-held devices, people love a big screen. They also seem to follow the same pattern of peak viewing times as TV primetime and weekends. They still enjoy watching live sports, sitcoms, breaking news, and dramas on TV, but they also expect a lot more from it.
我的問題是關於第二則句子當中the same…as的平行比較用法有誤，因為as為連接詞，其意為如或像。如例句: Mr. Lee uses the same amount of petrol as Mr. John (does). 如此說來，主要子句主詞為They，而as引導的副詞子句的主詞為TV primetime and weekends，造成語意不通!
Chatgpt告訴我應修正為: They also seem to follow the same pattern of peak viewing times as TV primetime and weekend viewing. 此改法將as當做介系詞，表”為”之意。
我覺得這樣的改法，適當的介係詞應為like。另若維持as連接詞的用法，此句應改為: They also seem to follow the same pattern of peak viewing times as they watch TV on primetime and weekends.
請老師解惑，謝謝。
首先，the same要搭配的是as，這是個固定的片語，不宜修改。其次，the same pattern of peak viewing times as TV primetime and weekend viewing，裏面的as TV primetime and weekend viewing可視為一個介系詞片語，修飾前面的the same 。因為TV primetime與weekend viewing都可以算是peak viewing time，所以並不違反比較級平行對稱的要求。
刪除旋
請教老師：
回覆刪除1.
為何 If I could decide "when" my work hour is 得改成 "what" is my work hour？
2.
On the heads side are the characters "reading" this coin's production year. 為何 reading 得改成 showing？
謝謝解惑。
1
刪除例如My office hours are nine to five.，句中的nine to five不是時間副詞修飾hours在什麼時候，而是名詞補語，與主詞hours全等。所以，製造疑問句要用的也是疑問代名詞what，而不是疑問副詞when。疑問句是What are my office hours?，改寫為名詞子句就是what my office hours are。
2
reading this coin's production year可還原為關係子句which read this coin's production year，修飾先行詞the characters。但是characters不是人，不能做read的動作，所以改為show，亦即The characters show the year。另一種講法：The characters read "Year 95 of the Republic of China."「中文字讀起來是『中華民國九十五年』。」read當作連綴動詞「讀起來是、讀作」解釋，後面是主詞補語，必須和主詞完全同義。
旋
老師您好j
回覆刪除Like the participants in the loveless couplings he describes, Conley doesn't invest a lot of emotion in his subject. Line for line, Conley is twice the writer Squires is, but in the end Conley's stud: Adventures in Breeding (Bloomsbury: 224 pages) lacks that mystical, elusive variable that seperates a merely good horse from a true champion: heart.
1 Line for line, Conley is twice the writer Squires is就寫作技術而言，Conley比較強 ?
Wittfogel's theory, however is no longer widely accepted now, for numerous centralized states have been found to have existed independent of irrigation systems.
2 "語氣是否定，但並非很強烈" 這個我懂。這個理論已不被接受(真的確定已不被接受)，為什麼有"skeptical"的味道在(skeptical的意思是: 不確定是不是不被接受) ?
His writing is so diffuse and obscure that it is difficult to make out what it is he is trying to say.
3 what it is he is trying to say.跟what he is trying to say.的差別是?
Struggling to recover from waning Covid vaccine demand, Pfizer is racing to catch up with Novo Nordisk A/S and Eli Lilly & Co. in an obesity-treatment market estimated to grow to more than $100 billion in size in the coming years
4 Struggling to =Pfizer is struggling to recover from waning Covid vaccine demand, and Pfizer is racing to… 。如果還原成while Pfizer is struggling to... ,Pfizer is racing to ... 會不會比較好 ?
It didn't occur to me that this photograph would become the enduring image of our failure in Vietnam. But it worked strongly on me, and still does: that wdie-open sky waiting above the helicopter.... and most eloquent, the figure of the creww chief silhouetted against the empty sky, pulling some fearful soul from one life into another...
5 most eloquent=while that is most eloquent (that是the figure of ... sky)?
謝謝老師
1
刪除是
2
大意是「Wittfogel的理論如今卻不被大多數人接受，因為已經發現有許多個中央集權的國家都缺乏灌溉系統卻都存在得好好的。」
3
語氣較強，採用了加強語氣的分裂句（it is ... that）
4
不能還原為and。分詞構句應該還原為副詞子句，所以你的還原方式才是正確的
5
是
旋
They worry about where the next meal is coming from.
回覆刪除請問老師，上句中的 about 是不是能省略？謝謝。
Excessive pressure is responsible for the failure of the 67% of subjects of the experiment to quit smoking.
回覆刪除1. 請問老師上句的 the 67% 的 the 是不是多的？67% of 是限定詞，就像 one-third of ，既然分數前面不加 the ，百分比前面是不是也不加？
2. subjects of the experiment 跟 the subjects of the experiment 語意是不是沒差？
謝謝老師回答。
He so impressed the manager that he was hired on the spot.
回覆刪除請問老師程度副詞 so 可以修飾動詞喔？
謝謝老師回覆。
老師您好
回覆刪除It is to be hoped that he is merely drumming up business.
1 it will/must/should... be hoped . will是未來式，再搭配 he is merely drumming 現在進行式，感覺好像怪怪的(在未來的時候希望: 現在發生什麼事)，不知如何解釋?
2must /should都可以表達未來式嗎?
a gentle ringing noise
3 ringing noise是鈴聲，與A ringing sound is loud and can be heard very clearly.的ringing 有別?
Learning to read can be frustrating. But not as thinking as you never will.
4 But not as thinking as you never will.的意思是 ?
They decided she was marrying beneath her...
5 was marrying表示:正在結婚的當下 ?
His writing is so diffuse and obscure that it is difficult to make out what it is he is trying to say.
6 what it is he is trying to say.=(it is )what it is (that) he is trying to say ?
謝謝老師