老師您好 His ilk descends like a plague from the rich northern countries upon the poorer southern ones. In its quest for drugs, it sees foreign cultures as little more than comic relief, something bizarre to trip out on. Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on how they might possibly cause harm to the place they pass through because of their ignorance... 1 Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on= his ilk is far from these drug seekers to reflect on...? 2意思是 his ilk跟drug seekers比，差太多了? 3 to trip out on.的意思是?
In the U.S. not one album sold more than 5 million copies; in 2000, seven albums did 4意思是：７張專輯合起來賣超過5 million copies? 謝謝老師
1, 2 These drug seekers are far from reflecting on how...「這些來買毒品的人完全不會去想這個問題。」裏面的it是虛字（假主詞）。his ilk就是these drug seekers 3 trip out在全國俚語中是「吸毒產生幻覺」，意思是把異國風情當作吸毒時幻覺的背景 4 「在美國，能賣到500萬張的唱片是一個也沒有。但是在2000年卻有7個專輯（每一個）都超過500萬張。」
老師您好 His ilk descends like a plague from the rich northern countries upon the poorer southern ones. In its quest for drugs, it sees foreign cultures as little more than comic relief, something bizarre to trip out on. Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on how they might possibly cause harm to the place they pass through because of their ignorance... Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on的it是to reflect on how... ? 謝謝老師
請問老師 1. 我想說「我騎機車到這裡來」，英文是 I rode my scooter to here.嗎？但 here 是地方副詞，如此一來就要說 I rode my scooter here. 但這樣就少了位移的過程，倒像在講「在這邊騎車」。還請老師解惑。 2. The deadly pirana roam in that river. 若看成 S + V + SC 句型，裡頭的 roam 也是連綴動詞嗎？ 3. anticipate 這個字的 cip 是 take 的意思，當解釋成「拿」嗎？事先拿跟預期看似無關連，還請老師解惑。
老師您好 DIED. FRITZ WALTER,81,captain of the first German football team to win the World Cup, an achievement that helped ease German's pariah status... an achievement 是指that the first German football team won the World Cup. 可是依照原句的寫法the first German football team =an achievement，感覺好像怪怪的? 謝謝老師
老師好 A second difficulty with precious metal coinage came from the sovereign who controlled the minting process. 以上是文章首句。sovereign 搭配定冠詞，是表示全體嗎？再者，後面的關係子句具指示功能，但倘若先行詞表全體（君王這種人），後面的關係子句不就應該當補充說明嗎？ 謝謝解惑。
(五月份還沒出來) 1.老師上課句型有講到, the heads side (S) is a bust (C).特別提到S跟C兩個名詞不同,所以要改成On the headside is a bust.但我現在看起來沒有不同? 2. consider通常後面是接O, 但consider翻譯稱為認為是，不是應該後面接C嗎?例如Feel感覺是.. 3.講義第二頁SVOC例句寫"the sponsor set the final game next weekend"這裡set為什麼不用加s? 如果是過去式，但不是有下禮拜嗎? 4. The president has gone abroad on a visit. 分析-->The president (S) has (V) gone (C) abroad (C) on a visit.因為老師之前說動詞就是動詞，後面一律可看作C，那這邊要怎麼分析句型? 5. The good time we spent together in college ___ a deep impression on my mind. (A) has remained (B)has left 為什麼不能選remain除了用Vi/ Vt來看。 6. The man ___ I thought was honest to told a lie 為什麼不能用whom?
1 The heads side(S) is(V) a bust(C). On the heads side(C) is(V) a bust. 前者用名詞a bust當補語，必須和主詞the heads side全等，但兩者並不全等，因而不好。後者是倒裝句，主詞補語是介係詞片語（地方副詞）on the heads side，不再是名詞類，所以不必符合全等的要求。 2 consider「認為…是…」，後面接受詞與受詞補語，用於SVOC句型。feel「感覺（自己）是…」，後面接主詞補語。 3 set是過去式。時間副詞next weekend當受詞補語，修飾the final game，並非修飾動詞set。亦即：比賽是「過去」排的，時間排到下週末。 4 The President(S) has gone(V) abroad(C). 我說的是be動詞當作動詞看。這裏不是be動詞，而是go的完成式has gone。 5 若這樣看： The good time(S) has remained(V) a deep impression(C). 那麼名詞補語a deep impression應該和主詞the good time全等，錯就錯在兩者並不全等。 6 先看這句： I thought he was honest. 要用主格he，因為它在he was honest這個名詞子句中當主詞。主格的he改寫為關係代名詞就是主格的who。
1 挿在鈕扣孔「內」 2 Speak(V) no ill(O). 這是直接命令句，主詞you省略。受詞no ill是名詞片語，由限定詞no加名詞ill構成。如果要用副詞not，那麼修飾的對象是動詞，成為否定句：Don't speak any ill of the dead. 3 that代表that person。還原為兩個獨立的單句如下： Can that be the Jack Pickering? We know the Jack Pickering. 4 因為someone已經成為一個單字（複合字），中間的形容詞位置已然消失，else只能移到後面 5 所有格的原則是「字尾已經加過一個複數的s，就只加撇號、不加第2個s」。the Johnsons代表the Johnson family，字尾的s是複數，所有格是the Johnsons'。但James這個人名，字尾的s本來就有，並非複數加上去的，因此所有格是James's 6 She is a friend of John's「她是John的一個朋友（朋友之一）」，相當於She is one friend of John's. 7 是
1 You must first complete this course before you can... 2 意思不一樣。English preparatory courses比較像「採用英文上課的先修課程」，有可能是為醫科、法科、物理、化學等別的科目的預備課程，只是用英文上課。preparatory English courses比較像「為了學英文而先修的預備課程」，學的就是英文。
老師好： 1. 要表達她是John其中一個朋友（雙重所有格）可否為： She is One friend of John’s. 2. There aren’t many pieces of the puzzle left. 這裡的句型是SVOC嗎？ There 是代表Puzzle嗎？ 詞性事地方副詞嗎？ 3. Four hundred students 除了上課講的four hundred都是限定詞所有不能複數外，可否看成名詞片語four(後位D)Hundred (名詞做形容詞）？ 4. My uncle lives in a three-story mansion. 這裡的three-story可以看成名詞做形容詞，而不是真的形容詞也不是複合形容詞。因為真的很難想像story看成形容詞。 5. That daughter of hers really knows no shame. hers是her daughter還是her daughters? 6. 副詞修飾名詞是撈過界？ 例如 especially spinach. 是有什麼範圍或整理的資料叫做撈過界。 7. I didn’t like the wine itself. 這個例子也是副詞修飾名詞，但為什麼要特別加itself，且這裡wine不就代表itself嗎？ 8. The kids are throwing stones at the poor dog，at可以用to嗎？ 9. I’m meeting someone important tonight. 如果要表達很多重要的人，我可以用…meeting people important嗎 10. All the blue whales alive may number under 10,000. 這裡的10,000如果寫出來是10 thousand後面要接什麼名詞嗎？
老師您好 Yet he can be as distant as he is pleasant, as guarded as he is engaged, his very politeness a kind of barrier his very politeness a kind of barrier=(while)his very politeness a kind of barrier? 謝謝老師
請問老師 The gauze facemasks would have been effective in preventing bacterial infection, but were too porous to stop viral penetration. 為何前句使用語氣助動詞，不用事實語氣were？且這裡是假設語氣的用法嗎?但沒說反話呀。謝謝解惑。
請教老師 1 My orders are to search everyone's bag as they come in. 怎樣區分命令是我下的還是我得遵守的? 2 a child killer 是指被害者是小孩，但是否也能表示兇手是小孩？ 3 說 the education minister 卻不說 the educational minister，這純粹是使用習慣嗎？ 感謝老師解惑。
老師您好 Brazil beats Germany 2-0 to cap a world cup 2002. to cap ...可以還原為: Brazil beats Germany 2-0 so that it could cap a world cup 2002. 巴西拿到冠軍是事實，為什麼要有could (猜測語氣)? 謝謝老師
1. The train is leaving in 20 minutes. 這裡為什麼要用進行式，火車在20分鐘後“正在”離開？
2.The winner will be announced in a minute. 如果比照課本其他例句，我這句可否在動詞方面改成（1) The winner is being announced in a minute. (2) The winner is announced in a minute. The train had left by the time the man got to the station. 可否有 The train was leaving at the time the man got to the station.
3.All the details had been taken care of when the President started on his visits on abroad. 主要覺得奇怪是take care of 後面為什麼不用有受詞？如果是因為倒裝因素，不知道理由是什麼（因為平常較少用？）
4. We have been working overtime for a week to fulfill your order vs. We have worked overtime for a week to fulfill your order 兩句是現在完成進行式跟現在完成式，兩者在語意上的差別為何？又現在完成進行式有持續到未來嗎？
5.No less than這句老師上課是說小於，但我查發現它翻成「不比…少」、「和…一樣」。
6. What I need for the trip are a few good books and my ATM card. 這句是倒裝句型CVS. 但為什麼倒裝不是通常是強調動詞所以是ＶＳＣ？ 這句句頭是名詞子句，不是通常都引領著單數。
7. The weatherman says it will rain, so I’m going to bring an umbrella. 可以改成 The weatherman says it is raining下雨當中, so I’m going to bring an umbrella. 或者 The weatherman says it rains下雨是個事實, so I’m going to bring an umbrella.
1 事先排定的事情，如火車出發時間，已經排在時刻表上，雖然時間還沒有到（還有20分鐘），仍可當作確定的事實看待，採用現在簡單式：The train leaves in 20 minutes.另外，如果是「即將、馬上要發生」，可以採用進行式。 2 (1)(2)都不好。這是臨時的敘述，而非正式的「排定時間」。
兩句都對，意思不一樣。前者是「已經先走了」，後者是「正在離站」。 3 是被動態，還原為主動如下： The aides had taken care of all the details. 被動就是： All the details had been taken care of (by the aides). 4 差在有沒有「持續」。例如： I have read the book, so you can ask me any question about it. 完成式是「有看過」，包括多年前看過也算有看過。 I have been reading the book for two hours now, so I should rest awhile. 完成進行式多了進行，就是「持續」看了有兩小時。這兩小時是「不間斷、一直」在看。至於未來還要不要看下去，這點並沒有交代。 5 可能是你沒聽清楚：no less than是「不小於」 6 SVC與SVO句型的倒裝，結果是CVS與OVS，而不是把動詞移到句首。例如： Here(C) comes(V) the parade(S). "You're fired!"(O) said(V) the boss(S). 兩個倒裝句分別強調的是C與O，都不是V。 7 這兩句可以。
老師您好 Who could have thought that a pair of homogenous countries know more for xenophobic impulses would welcome thousands of strangers, simply because they share an affection for football? Who could have thought是非事實語氣嗎? 謝謝老師
老師好 文章開頭第一句In deep, open bodies of freshwater such as reservoirs and lakes, temperature structures of the water undergo seasonal variations. 請問temperature structures前面若加了定冠詞跟原句的意思會有差異嗎? 謝謝。
老師您好 something you write at the start of a formal letter or notice when you do not know exactly who it should be sent to who it should be sent to的who改成whom 會比較好? 謝謝老師
老師您好 What is to prevent "millions are suffering" from allowing them to break the next barrier tomorrow, growing cloned embryos into fetuses? growing cloned embryos into fetuses與the next barrier是同位格關係?如果是同位格關係，growing cloned embryos into fetuses應該就不能還原? 謝謝老師
老師您好 Millions are suffering. This is precisely the argument that research-cloning advocates are deploying today to allow them to break the moral barrier of creating human embryos solely for their exploitation. What is to prevent "millions are suffering" from allowing them to break the next barrier tomorrow, growing cloned embryos into fetuses? growing cloned embryos into fetuses?麻請老師還原句子，謝謝。
What is to prevent [the argument] from allowing [research-cloning advocates] to break the next barrier tomorrow, [which is] growing cloned embryos into fetuses? 句尾部分是關係子句減化剩下名詞補語，傳統文法稱為同位格。
請教老師 Is there not presented a certain sense material to our closed eyes? 肯定句是長這樣嗎？A certain sense material is not presented there to our closed eyes. 但補語並非地方副詞，我不明白疑問句怎會用上倒裝句，還請老師解惑，感恩。
老師您好 Anxiety and depression have a similar underlying biology, and the genetics may be such that anxiety surface early in life and depression later on. the genetics may be such that的意思是？ 謝謝老師
老師您好
回覆刪除His ilk descends like a plague from the rich northern countries upon the poorer southern ones. In its quest for drugs, it sees foreign cultures as little more than comic relief, something bizarre to trip out on. Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on how they might possibly cause harm to the place they pass through because of their ignorance...
1 Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on= his ilk is far from these drug seekers to reflect on...?
2意思是 his ilk跟drug seekers比，差太多了?
3 to trip out on.的意思是?
In the U.S. not one album sold more than 5 million copies; in 2000, seven albums did
4意思是：７張專輯合起來賣超過5 million copies?
謝謝老師
1, 2
刪除These drug seekers are far from reflecting on how...「這些來買毒品的人完全不會去想這個問題。」裏面的it是虛字（假主詞）。his ilk就是these drug seekers
3
trip out在全國俚語中是「吸毒產生幻覺」，意思是把異國風情當作吸毒時幻覺的背景
4
「在美國，能賣到500萬張的唱片是一個也沒有。但是在2000年卻有7個專輯（每一個）都超過500萬張。」
老師您好
回覆刪除His ilk descends like a plague from the rich northern countries upon the poorer southern ones. In its quest for drugs, it sees foreign cultures as little more than comic relief, something bizarre to trip out on. Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on how they might possibly cause harm to the place they pass through because of their ignorance...
Far be it from these drug seekers to reflect on的it是to reflect on how... ?
謝謝老師
是。句型和It is ... to V相同。
刪除請問老師
回覆刪除1.
我想說「我騎機車到這裡來」，英文是 I rode my scooter to here.嗎？但 here 是地方副詞，如此一來就要說 I rode my scooter here. 但這樣就少了位移的過程，倒像在講「在這邊騎車」。還請老師解惑。
2.
The deadly pirana roam in that river. 若看成 S + V + SC 句型，裡頭的 roam 也是連綴動詞嗎？
3.
anticipate 這個字的 cip 是 take 的意思，當解釋成「拿」嗎？事先拿跟預期看似無關連，還請老師解惑。
謝謝
1
刪除I rode my motorcycle here.可以清楚表達你的意思。另外也可以說I came here by motorcycle。
2
若SVC解讀，就是連綴動詞。
3
字根cip是take，而take可以表示「解讀、詮釋，理解」
老師您好
回覆刪除DIED. FRITZ WALTER,81,captain of the first German football team to win the World Cup, an achievement that helped ease German's pariah status...
an achievement 是指that the first German football team won the World Cup. 可是依照原句的寫法the first German football team =an achievement，感覺好像怪怪的?
謝謝老師
an achievement的先行詞可以視為to win the World Cup這個片語
刪除請問老師
回覆刪除popcorn 並非形狀不固定的固體，為何是不可數名詞？數得出顆數來不是嗎？謝謝。
密密麻麻數不清的東西就是不可數名詞，如hair, corn (popcorn), grain等等。但如果很少，也可以說three hairs（3根）, two grains（兩粒）之類。
刪除旋
老師好
回覆刪除A second difficulty with precious metal coinage came from the sovereign who controlled the minting process.
以上是文章首句。sovereign 搭配定冠詞，是表示全體嗎？再者，後面的關係子句具指示功能，但倘若先行詞表全體（君王這種人），後面的關係子句不就應該當補充說明嗎？
謝謝解惑。
先行詞是the sovereign「君主」，後面的關係子句有指示功能，可以用that，意思是「控制鑄幣程序的那位君主」
刪除旋
老師好
回覆刪除They could make loans by issuing more gold receipts than they had gold in their storage vaults.
以上句子的比較對象不同，為何還能用比較句法？謝謝。
那是把gold receipts與gold比較。前者是持有黃金的票券、後者是黃金本身。這個句子要說的就是「黃金少、發行的票券多」，所以就是拿gold receipts 與gold來比較。
刪除旋
(五月份還沒出來)
回覆刪除1.老師上課句型有講到, the heads side (S) is a bust (C).特別提到S跟C兩個名詞不同,所以要改成On the headside is a bust.但我現在看起來沒有不同?
2. consider通常後面是接O, 但consider翻譯稱為認為是，不是應該後面接C嗎?例如Feel感覺是..
3.講義第二頁SVOC例句寫"the sponsor set the final game next weekend"這裡set為什麼不用加s? 如果是過去式，但不是有下禮拜嗎?
4. The president has gone abroad on a visit. 分析-->The president (S) has (V) gone (C) abroad (C) on a visit.因為老師之前說動詞就是動詞，後面一律可看作C，那這邊要怎麼分析句型?
5. The good time we spent together in college ___ a deep impression on my mind. (A) has remained (B)has left 為什麼不能選remain除了用Vi/ Vt來看。
6. The man ___ I thought was honest to told a lie 為什麼不能用whom?
1
刪除The heads side(S) is(V) a bust(C).
On the heads side(C) is(V) a bust.
前者用名詞a bust當補語，必須和主詞the heads side全等，但兩者並不全等，因而不好。後者是倒裝句，主詞補語是介係詞片語（地方副詞）on the heads side，不再是名詞類，所以不必符合全等的要求。
2
consider「認為…是…」，後面接受詞與受詞補語，用於SVOC句型。feel「感覺（自己）是…」，後面接主詞補語。
3
set是過去式。時間副詞next weekend當受詞補語，修飾the final game，並非修飾動詞set。亦即：比賽是「過去」排的，時間排到下週末。
4
The President(S) has gone(V) abroad(C). 我說的是be動詞當作動詞看。這裏不是be動詞，而是go的完成式has gone。
5
若這樣看：
The good time(S) has remained(V) a deep impression(C). 那麼名詞補語a deep impression應該和主詞the good time全等，錯就錯在兩者並不全等。
6
先看這句：
I thought he was honest.
要用主格he，因為它在he was honest這個名詞子句中當主詞。主格的he改寫為關係代名詞就是主格的who。
旋
謝謝老師
刪除老師，這些問題都來自於講義，想請教～
回覆刪除1. Where did you buy the yellow rose in your button. 什麼是「妳鈕扣裡的黃玫瑰花？」通常介係詞不是用，on嗎？
2. Speak no ill of the dead. 這句話是祈使句，只是為什麼是用no ill instead of not ill？ 該怎麼分析五大句型結構？
3. Can that be the Jack Pickering that we know. 原始句是不是We know the Jack Pickering. 如果是，為什麼有Can that? 這個that 代表什麼意思？
4. The doctor needs someone else’s opinion on this case. Some(D)one(N) else(A) 為什麼這裡會變成DNA而不是DAN?
5. I’m going to James’s party, not the Johnsons’. 為什麼所有格James’s 會有double S ？ 但後面是省略S(Johnsons’s省略s)
6. She is a friend of John’s. 這是翻譯為，她是約翰的朋友的朋友，嗎？雙重所有格
7. They are John’s friends. 複數表達是否就不會有2個中位限定詞的問題？
刪除1
刪除挿在鈕扣孔「內」
2
Speak(V) no ill(O). 這是直接命令句，主詞you省略。受詞no ill是名詞片語，由限定詞no加名詞ill構成。如果要用副詞not，那麼修飾的對象是動詞，成為否定句：Don't speak any ill of the dead.
3
that代表that person。還原為兩個獨立的單句如下：
Can that be the Jack Pickering?
We know the Jack Pickering.
4
因為someone已經成為一個單字（複合字），中間的形容詞位置已然消失，else只能移到後面
5
所有格的原則是「字尾已經加過一個複數的s，就只加撇號、不加第2個s」。the Johnsons代表the Johnson family，字尾的s是複數，所有格是the Johnsons'。但James這個人名，字尾的s本來就有，並非複數加上去的，因此所有格是James's
6
She is a friend of John's「她是John的一個朋友（朋友之一）」，相當於She is one friend of John's.
7
是
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謝謝老師🧑🏫
刪除請問老師
回覆刪除你必須修過這門課才可以⋯⋯
1
英文是You “must have taken” this course to…嗎？
2
英文先修課
English preparatory courses
兩個形容詞到底哪個要離名詞較近？感覺是英文較客觀，所以我要顛倒順序才對嗎？
謝謝。
1
刪除You must first complete this course before you can...
2
意思不一樣。English preparatory courses比較像「採用英文上課的先修課程」，有可能是為醫科、法科、物理、化學等別的科目的預備課程，只是用英文上課。preparatory English courses比較像「為了學英文而先修的預備課程」，學的就是英文。
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老師好：
回覆刪除1. 要表達她是John其中一個朋友（雙重所有格）可否為：
She is One friend of John’s.
2. There aren’t many pieces of the puzzle left. 這裡的句型是SVOC嗎？ There 是代表Puzzle嗎？ 詞性事地方副詞嗎？
3. Four hundred students 除了上課講的four hundred都是限定詞所有不能複數外，可否看成名詞片語four(後位D)Hundred (名詞做形容詞）？
4. My uncle lives in a three-story mansion. 這裡的three-story可以看成名詞做形容詞，而不是真的形容詞也不是複合形容詞。因為真的很難想像story看成形容詞。
5. That daughter of hers really knows no shame. hers是her daughter還是her daughters?
6. 副詞修飾名詞是撈過界？ 例如
especially spinach. 是有什麼範圍或整理的資料叫做撈過界。
7. I didn’t like the wine itself. 這個例子也是副詞修飾名詞，但為什麼要特別加itself，且這裡wine不就代表itself嗎？
8. The kids are throwing stones at the poor dog，at可以用to嗎？
9. I’m meeting someone important tonight. 如果要表達很多重要的人，我可以用…meeting people important嗎
10. All the blue whales alive may number under 10,000. 這裡的10,000如果寫出來是10 thousand後面要接什麼名詞嗎？
1
刪除可以
2
句型是倒裝句：
There(C) aren't(V) many pieces(S).
3
不行。並非所有名詞都可以當形容詞使用
4
完整的說法是a three-story-high mansion。另一種說法是：
The mansion is three stories high.
其中three stories因為是度量衡單位，直接當副詞使用，修飾high。但是寫成three-story-high就是一個複合形容詞
5
是her daughter
6
一般的分工是用形容詞修飾名詞、副詞修飾其他（包括動詞、形容詞、副詞）。在especially spinach這個名詞片語中則是用副詞修飾名詞，好像搶了形容詞的角色
7
itself當作副詞修飾the wine，有加強語氣功能：不喜歡酒的「本身」，暗示喜歡的是酒以外的東西，例如酒瓶
8
意思會變成「丟石頭『給』狗」
9
不行，順序不對：是important people而非people important（形容詞要放在名詞片語中、不是後面）
10
不要。在此ten thousand就是個數字
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老師您好
回覆刪除Yet he can be as distant as he is pleasant, as guarded as he is engaged, his very politeness a kind of barrier
his very politeness a kind of barrier=(while)his very politeness a kind of barrier?
謝謝老師
正確
刪除旋
老師好
回覆刪除試驗開始前要「簽署受試者同意書」，這句話用英文表示:
sign an/the Informed Consent Form
限定詞到底用哪個才對 ?
我到時只會簽一張，對方也不會要我非簽哪張不可，所以用不定冠詞感覺說得通。但若表示「這種」表單，用定冠詞也行。不知我推理有沒有錯誤？感謝老師協助。
兩個都可以。用the指的是「這種」表格
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請問老師
回覆刪除The gauze facemasks would have been effective in preventing bacterial infection, but were too porous to stop viral penetration.
為何前句使用語氣助動詞，不用事實語氣were？且這裡是假設語氣的用法嗎?但沒說反話呀。謝謝解惑。
「當初若使用紗網口罩的話本來可以有效防止細菌傳染的，不過它孔洞太大，無法阻止病毒穿過。」前面用would have been是假設法過去時間非事實語氣，意思不是說它無效，而是說「當初沒有使用」。後面用were則是過去時間事實語氣：真的是孔太大。
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請教老師
回覆刪除1 My orders are to search everyone's bag as they come in.
怎樣區分命令是我下的還是我得遵守的?
2 a child killer 是指被害者是小孩，但是否也能表示兇手是小孩？
3 說 the education minister 卻不說 the educational minister，這純粹是使用習慣嗎？
感謝老師解惑。
1
刪除無法區分。兩種解釋都有可能
2
兩種解釋都有
3
the education minister就是the minister of education，意思是「管教育」的部長
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老師您好
回覆刪除Brazil beats Germany 2-0 to cap a world cup 2002. to cap ...可以還原為: Brazil beats Germany 2-0 so that Brazil capped a world cup 2002 ?
謝謝老師
還原為Brazil beats Germany 2-0 so that it could cap a world cup 2002.
刪除旋
老師您好
回覆刪除Brazil beats Germany 2-0 to cap a world cup 2002. to cap ...可以還原為: Brazil beats Germany 2-0 so that it could cap a world cup 2002. 巴西拿到冠軍是事實，為什麼要有could (猜測語氣)?
謝謝老師
表示獲勝的結果：獲勝「才能夠」拿到冠軍。could是一般用法，不是猜測語氣
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請問老師
回覆刪除It should be cause for least concern.
有最高級，且位置在名詞前，為何沒有限定詞the？
感謝老師
並沒有cause for least concern這種片語。原文的意思應該是cause for little concern「不怎麼需要擔心」。這裏的least意思是very little，並不是真正的「最少」。
刪除旋
老師，想請問以下文法問題
回覆刪除1. The train is leaving in 20 minutes. 這裡為什麼要用進行式，火車在20分鐘後“正在”離開？
2.The winner will be announced in a minute. 如果比照課本其他例句，我這句可否在動詞方面改成（1) The winner is being announced in a minute. (2) The winner is announced in a minute.
The train had left by the time the man got to the station. 可否有 The train was leaving at the time the man got to the station.
3.All the details had been taken care of when the President started on his visits on abroad. 主要覺得奇怪是take care of 後面為什麼不用有受詞？如果是因為倒裝因素，不知道理由是什麼（因為平常較少用？）
4. We have been working overtime for a week to fulfill your order vs. We have worked overtime for a week to fulfill your order 兩句是現在完成進行式跟現在完成式，兩者在語意上的差別為何？又現在完成進行式有持續到未來嗎？
5.No less than這句老師上課是說小於，但我查發現它翻成「不比…少」、「和…一樣」。
6. What I need for the trip are a few good books and my ATM card. 這句是倒裝句型CVS. 但為什麼倒裝不是通常是強調動詞所以是ＶＳＣ？ 這句句頭是名詞子句，不是通常都引領著單數。
7. The weatherman says it will rain, so I’m going to bring an umbrella. 可以改成 The weatherman says it is raining下雨當中, so I’m going to bring an umbrella. 或者 The weatherman says it rains下雨是個事實, so I’m going to bring an umbrella.
1
刪除事先排定的事情，如火車出發時間，已經排在時刻表上，雖然時間還沒有到（還有20分鐘），仍可當作確定的事實看待，採用現在簡單式：The train leaves in 20 minutes.另外，如果是「即將、馬上要發生」，可以採用進行式。
2
(1)(2)都不好。這是臨時的敘述，而非正式的「排定時間」。
兩句都對，意思不一樣。前者是「已經先走了」，後者是「正在離站」。
3
是被動態，還原為主動如下：
The aides had taken care of all the details.
被動就是：
All the details had been taken care of (by the aides).
4
差在有沒有「持續」。例如：
I have read the book, so you can ask me any question about it.
完成式是「有看過」，包括多年前看過也算有看過。
I have been reading the book for two hours now, so I should rest awhile.
完成進行式多了進行，就是「持續」看了有兩小時。這兩小時是「不間斷、一直」在看。至於未來還要不要看下去，這點並沒有交代。
5
可能是你沒聽清楚：no less than是「不小於」
6
SVC與SVO句型的倒裝，結果是CVS與OVS，而不是把動詞移到句首。例如：
Here(C) comes(V) the parade(S).
"You're fired!"(O) said(V) the boss(S).
兩個倒裝句分別強調的是C與O，都不是V。
7
這兩句可以。
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老師您好
回覆刪除Who could have thought that a pair of homogenous countries know more for xenophobic impulses would welcome thousands of strangers, simply because they share an affection for football?
Who could have thought是非事實語氣嗎?
謝謝老師
是。語氣是「當初任誰都想像不到…」
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老師您好
回覆刪除It pushes the boundaries of language for those whose job it is to describe and evaluate such things. 第二個it是多餘的 ?
謝謝老師
刪掉也對。原文如果把關係子句獨立出來，是下面這句：
刪除It is their job to describe....
其中it是假主詞，真正主詞是不定詞片語to describe...。
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老師好
回覆刪除文章開頭第一句In deep, open bodies of freshwater such as reservoirs and lakes, temperature structures of the water undergo seasonal variations.
請問temperature structures前面若加了定冠詞跟原句的意思會有差異嗎?
謝謝。
加不加都一樣
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老師您好
回覆刪除something you write at the start of a formal letter or notice when you do not know exactly who it should be sent to
who it should be sent to的who改成whom 會比較好?
謝謝老師
是。不過，除了直接跟在介系詞後面之外，其他位置都可以忽略主格受格，一律用who。這是一般人接受的用法。必須用whom的例子：to whom it may concern，其中to whom介系詞片語連在一起，受格的要求特別明顯，就只能用whom了
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老師好
回覆刪除請問The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order.不定冠詞改成定冠詞的話意思有何不同？
謝謝。
就這個句子來講，沒什麼差別！
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作者已經移除這則留言。
回覆刪除老師您好
回覆刪除What is to prevent "millions are suffering" from allowing them to break the next barrier tomorrow, growing cloned embryos into fetuses?
growing cloned embryos into fetuses與the next barrier是同位格關係?如果是同位格關係，growing cloned embryos into fetuses應該就不能還原?
謝謝老師
句子有點奇怪，可能有錯。請提供更多上下文
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老師好
回覆刪除a piece of soft thin paper, used especially for blowing your nose on
請問介系詞片語不能只說blowing your nose嗎?表示用途是「擤鼻涕」這件事。
謝謝。
加上on比較清楚：you blow your nose on the paper
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老師您好
回覆刪除Millions are suffering. This is precisely the argument that research-cloning advocates are deploying today to allow them to break the moral barrier of creating human embryos solely for their exploitation. What is to prevent "millions are suffering" from allowing them to break the next barrier tomorrow, growing cloned embryos into fetuses?
growing cloned embryos into fetuses?麻請老師還原句子，謝謝。
What is to prevent [the argument] from allowing [research-cloning advocates] to break the next barrier tomorrow, [which is] growing cloned embryos into fetuses?
刪除句尾部分是關係子句減化剩下名詞補語，傳統文法稱為同位格。
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請教老師
回覆刪除Is there not presented a certain sense material to our closed eyes?
肯定句是長這樣嗎？A certain sense material is not presented there to our closed eyes. 但補語並非地方副詞，我不明白疑問句怎會用上倒裝句，還請老師解惑，感恩。
老師您好
回覆刪除Anxiety and depression have a similar underlying biology, and the genetics may be such that anxiety surface early in life and depression later on.
the genetics may be such that的意思是？
謝謝老師