請問老師 The programme has been so organized that none of the talks overlap. 這句話that子句是表示「以致於」還是交代安排的方式？ 1. 如此安排，所以演講的時間都沒有重疊。 2. 沒有一場演講重疊，用這種方式來安排議程。 感謝解答。
老師您好 1 Natural hormones may promote tissue growth in the breasts and thereby contribute to a cancer risk 2 Natural hormones may promote tissue growth in the breasts, thereby contributing to a cancer risk 1的意思是:Natural hormones thereby contribute to a cancer risk而2的意思是: natural hormones may promote tissue growth in the breasts這一件事 contributing to a cancer risk ? 謝謝老師
傳統文法的斷句如下： This speculation(S) is cut(V) short(C). 其中is cut是被動態的動詞片語，由is加上過去分詞cut構成。在OKE文法課的斷句則是： This speculation(S) is(V) cut short(C). 其中is是動詞，後面的cut short是過去分詞片語，當形容詞補語使用。 若改改為主動態是這樣的： The development(S) cuts(V) this speculation(O) short(C).
老師您好 1 She was incensed about the billionaires monopolizing all the perks. the billionaires monopolizing all the perks 可還原為the billionaires who monopolized all the perks.也可還原為 that the billionaires monopolized all the perks. 但是在原句中的還原應該是that the billionaires monopolized all the perks(指這一件事)才是對的?
2 I didn't like the student disturbing the others in class 可還原為 the student who disturbed the others in class.(指這一名學生)。 也可還原為that the student disturbed the others in class.(指這一件事)? 謝謝老師
請問老師 A: If it's anything like your mom's Christmas feast, then that's a lot of work. B: It is, and it will be. B用了兩種語氣，事實語氣表示確實如此沒錯，條件語氣表示到時候可能是這樣。請問我這樣想對嗎？ 謝謝。
1. The minuscule robot created by scientists at northwestern university is shaped like a crab and is built using a special alloy that can take different shapes depending on the temperature. 請問老師using a special alloy是副詞子句的減化嗎？按照語意來看為什麼不是使用“被動”意思的used呢？
2. The team hopes the tech one day be used as the basis for future robotics in the fields of medicine. 老師這句裡面的be用原形，是因為這裡是祈使語氣的用法嗎？
老師好 The Texas Chainsaw Massacre remake is selling like mad in the US, and Taiwan has its own real-life murderer to match. to match應該可還原為that can match，只是這裡的match意思是匹敵嗎 ?做這個意思解不是當及物動詞用才對嗎？謝謝老師。
老師您好 Often, the best option was to hope that things would turn out better one day and do what little one could to help them along. Clinton's team managed to do that with Russia. That's worth raising a glass to. Yeltsin certainly did.
1do what little one could是祈使句? 2 what little可以再還原嗎? 3 do what little one could 跟do little one could 在語意上的差別是? 4 That's worth raising a glass to=That's worth raising a glass to do that with Russia? 5 Yeltsin certainly did.= Yeltsin certainly raised a glass ? 謝謝老師
1 對等連接詞and連接的是hope與do這兩個原形動詞，可以把to放回去理解： Often, the best option was to hope that things would turn out better one day and (to) do what little one could to help them along. 2, 3 先刪掉little，成為： to do what one could 其中what是複合關代，可拆開為先行詞the thing加關代that，如下： to do the thing that one could 再把限定詞little放回去，成為： to do the little thing that one could 若把先行詞the little thing併入關代that成為複合關代，會成為what，但少了little，所以才說to do what little one could。to do little one could不對。 4 意思是that's worth raising a glass to (it)，其中it就是that 5 正確！
老師您好 Often, the best option was to hope that things would turn out better one day and do what little one could to help them along. Clinton's team managed to do that with Russia. That's worth raising a glass to. Yeltsin certainly did.
1 Clinton's team managed to do that with Russia.的that是to hope... and (to) do what little one could to help them along ? 2 do what little one could每次做一點小事，累積的小事就可成大事? 謝謝老師
If there are other companies in the area that use the same software packages or tools that your company relies on, ... 請問老師that your company relies on這個關係子句修飾的是tools還是packages or tools？ 這個有什麽規律嗎？是就近原則嗎？
But in the course of conducting research in a number of industries and working directly with companies, we have discovered that managers often fail to recognize the less obvious but profound ways these trends are influencing consumers' aspirations, attitudes, and behaviors. 請問老師these trends are influencing consumers' aspirations, attitudes, and behaviors是ways的同位格嗎？
The derivative of coconut fat, glycerine, acquired strategic importance in a quite different sphere, as Alfred Nobel introduced the world to his nitroglycerine-based invention: dynamite. 老師，這句to前後的內容不應該是He introduced his invention to the world嗎？
Literally cast onto desert island shores, with little more than sand to grow in and exposed to the full glare of the tropical sun, coconut seeds are able germinate and root.
如果把with little more than sand to grow in改寫成with little sand to grow in 兩者會有什麼區別嗎？
What a man thinks of himself, that it is which determines, or rather indicates, his fate. 可以改成這樣來理解嗎 It is what a man thinks of himself which determines his fate.
老師好 A research team led by Petrie, together with Dr Ravindanath Singh of Banaras Hindu University in India, found early in their investigations that… 請教老師副詞可以修飾介系詞片語嗎，例如這裡的early來修飾in their investigations
老師好： 請問一下2/9的TIME雜誌，有一句話叫做，The hopes of a nation's revolution may rest on a dynastic politician who claims he's learned his lesson. 請問who 後面為什麼不是直接接動詞?謝謝老師 後面反而是接完整子句
老師好： 請問一下，有一句話叫做，The President has cast his interest in acquiring Greenland as being primarily motivated by national-security concerns. 請問一下老師，being用法從來都覺得很複雜，這裡的being要怎麼解釋?另一個問題是，老師可以幫忙解說being的用法嗎?是作為ING用法去記憶嗎?
being主要有兩個功能：一是詞類變化、一是強調進行。例如： Without being told, the salesperson came in. 這裏需要being作詞類變化、成為動名詞片語being told，搭配介系詞without當作受詞。另外： The project is being completed. 如果沒有being，只有completed，意思是「已經被完成」。加上being，意思變成「正在被完工」，世就是「尚未完成」。
老師好： 請問一下，有一句話叫做，Meanwhile, many (S)/ are struggling (V)/ under the unsustainable repercussions of applying an industrial-era measure of productivity.老師上課的時候為什麼說are struggling (V)都是動詞? struggling應該是補語?
2. and for international logging companies with short-term leases on tropical rainforest land in places with corrupt officials and unsophisticated landowners.
1 完整的句型如下： She returned (while she was) laden with tea. 副詞子句的連接詞不知是什麼，被減化掉，在此用while來詮釋。這是副詞子句減化的結果。 2 in places修飾的對象可能是companies，也可能是land，都講得通。places採用零冠詞，表示「所有地方」，但是後面有條件：with corrupt officials and unsophisticated landowners「官員貪污、地主無知」，因為成為：「在所有那些官員貪污、地主無知的地方」。
老師我想追問第一個問題 At present, the average car spends more than 90 percent of its life parked. 這個句型是SVOC嗎？但是檢驗一下，放個be動詞在受詞more than 90 percent of its life和parked之間好像也講不通？ 那是不是這句也是while they are parked這個副詞子句被減化掉？
From the 1840s until 1869, when the Suez Canal opened and steam propulsion was replacing sail, clippers dominated world trade. 請問老師，when子句是形容詞子句還是副詞子句？如果是形容詞子句，它修飾的先行詞是1869還是from the 1840s until 1869?
Beyond these direct benefits, we can consider the wider implications for transport and society, and how manufacturing processes might need to respond as a result. 請問老師as a result在修飾誰？
老師您好 He recovered from a crash at the 1995 Australian Grand Prix to go on to win both the 1998 and 1999 Formula One World Championships. to go on to= so that he could go on to, 而could是一般用法表示能力 ? 謝謝老師
請教老師 Clerk: Would you like a private hot springs room today? Dan: How much do they cost? Clerk: For three people, it will be one thousand NT per hour. 1. a private hot springs room裡的溫泉為何用複數 2. it will be主詞是虛主詞嗎，還是a private room 3. 為何報價錢都用will be而不是事實語氣 謝謝老師
請問老師
回覆刪除The programme has been so organized that none of the talks overlap.
這句話that子句是表示「以致於」還是交代安排的方式？
1. 如此安排，所以演講的時間都沒有重疊。
2. 沒有一場演講重疊，用這種方式來安排議程。
感謝解答。
so...that可以表達目的、也可以表達結果。就內容來看，這個句子兩種意思都有。
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老師您好
回覆刪除1 Natural hormones may promote tissue growth in the breasts and thereby contribute to a cancer risk
2 Natural hormones may promote tissue growth in the breasts, thereby contributing to a cancer risk
1的意思是:Natural hormones thereby contribute to a cancer risk而2的意思是: natural hormones may promote tissue growth in the breasts這一件事 contributing to a cancer risk ?
謝謝老師
正確！
刪除旋
That's just beginner's luck.
回覆刪除請問老師，限定詞裡的名詞為何沒有自己的限定詞？像是a dog's ears。
謝謝。
名詞片語a dog's ears裏面的限定詞是所有格a dog's，所有者a dog又是個名詞片語，有自己的限定詞a。加上's之後成為所有格限定詞，搭配名詞ears使用。
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老師好
回覆刪除It seems obvious, therefore, that with computers producing art, this speculation is cut short - there's nothing to explore. 請問老師 cut 的詞類是什麼？
謝謝老師
傳統文法的斷句如下：
刪除This speculation(S) is cut(V) short(C).
其中is cut是被動態的動詞片語，由is加上過去分詞cut構成。在OKE文法課的斷句則是：
This speculation(S) is(V) cut short(C).
其中is是動詞，後面的cut short是過去分詞片語，當形容詞補語使用。
若改改為主動態是這樣的：
The development(S) cuts(V) this speculation(O) short(C).
旋
老師您好
回覆刪除1 She was incensed about the billionaires monopolizing all the perks.
the billionaires monopolizing all the perks 可還原為the billionaires who monopolized all the perks.也可還原為 that the billionaires monopolized all the perks. 但是在原句中的還原應該是that the billionaires monopolized all the perks(指這一件事)才是對的?
2 I didn't like the student disturbing the others in class
可還原為 the student who disturbed the others in class.(指這一名學生)。 也可還原為that the student disturbed the others in class.(指這一件事)?
謝謝老師
1
刪除語氣看起來是對事不對人
2
二者都有可能
旋
老師好，上次問過That's just beginner's luck.這句話，我想問為何beginner是單數可數名詞，卻沒限定詞？That's just "a" beginner's luck.
回覆刪除謝謝。
這只能說是慣用法！
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請問老師
回覆刪除A: If it's anything like your mom's Christmas feast, then that's a lot of work.
B: It is, and it will be.
B用了兩種語氣，事實語氣表示確實如此沒錯，條件語氣表示到時候可能是這樣。請問我這樣想對嗎？
謝謝。
沒錯。意思是It is like my mom's Christmas feast, and it will be a lot of work.
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老師您好
回覆刪除Having completed the initial research, the scientist presented her findings.
請問老師Having completed the initial research這部分是修飾the scientist，還是presented還是整個主句？
謝謝老師
分詞構句，可還原如下：
刪除When she had completed the initial research, the scientist presented her findings.
副詞子句修飾的對象是動詞presented。
旋
老師您好
回覆刪除1. The minuscule robot created by scientists at northwestern university is shaped like a crab and is built using a special alloy that can take different shapes depending on the temperature.
請問老師using a special alloy是副詞子句的減化嗎？按照語意來看為什麼不是使用“被動”意思的used呢？
2. The team hopes the tech one day be used as the basis for future robotics in the fields of medicine.
老師這句裡面的be用原形，是因為這裡是祈使語氣的用法嗎？
謝謝老師
1
刪除是副詞子句減化。原句是被動態（the robot is built...），暗示by people。後面的分詞構句using a special alloy原來的主詞就是people。這種情況也可以視為主詞相同
2
這句有錯，應該是will one day be used才對。
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老師好
回覆刪除Cinnamon was also reported to have health benefits…
請問老師可以把to have health benefits改成having health benefits嗎？
謝謝老師
用to V比較好，因為「報導」不等於「事實」，應該用不確定語氣。
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老師好
回覆刪除The Texas Chainsaw Massacre remake is selling like mad in the US, and Taiwan has its own real-life murderer to match.
to match應該可還原為that can match，只是這裡的match意思是匹敵嗎 ?做這個意思解不是當及物動詞用才對嗎？謝謝老師。
作者已經移除這則留言。
回覆刪除老師您好
回覆刪除Often, the best option was to hope that things would turn out better one day and do what little one could to help them along. Clinton's team managed to do that with Russia. That's worth raising a glass to. Yeltsin certainly did.
1do what little one could是祈使句?
2 what little可以再還原嗎?
3 do what little one could 跟do little one could 在語意上的差別是?
4 That's worth raising a glass to=That's worth raising a glass to do that with Russia?
5 Yeltsin certainly did.= Yeltsin certainly raised a glass ?
謝謝老師
1
刪除對等連接詞and連接的是hope與do這兩個原形動詞，可以把to放回去理解：
Often, the best option was to hope that things would turn out better one day and (to) do what little one could to help them along.
2, 3
先刪掉little，成為：
to do what one could
其中what是複合關代，可拆開為先行詞the thing加關代that，如下：
to do the thing that one could
再把限定詞little放回去，成為：
to do the little thing that one could
若把先行詞the little thing併入關代that成為複合關代，會成為what，但少了little，所以才說to do what little one could。to do little one could不對。
4
意思是that's worth raising a glass to (it)，其中it就是that
5
正確！
旋
老師您好
回覆刪除Often, the best option was to hope that things would turn out better one day and do what little one could to help them along. Clinton's team managed to do that with Russia. That's worth raising a glass to. Yeltsin certainly did.
1 Clinton's team managed to do that with Russia.的that是to hope... and (to) do what little one could to help them along ?
2 do what little one could每次做一點小事，累積的小事就可成大事?
謝謝老師
1
刪除是
2
「不嫌小，盡量做」的意思
旋
老師您好
回覆刪除If there are other companies in the area that use the same software packages or tools that your company relies on, ...
請問老師that your company relies on這個關係子句修飾的是tools還是packages or tools？ 這個有什麽規律嗎？是就近原則嗎？
謝謝老師
這個句子，that的先行詞應該是packages or tools。除了就近原則之外還要看意思。
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老師您好
回覆刪除She found that it improves people’s ability to read emotions, but only if they are not very socially adept to begin with.
老師這句的with後面是不是缺少受詞？
謝謝老師
那是個片語，to begin with意思就是「一開始」
刪除旋
及物動詞的用法應該是to match it（要有受詞）。在此沒有受詞，就是當作不及物使用。
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老師好
回覆刪除But in the course of conducting research in a number of industries and working directly with companies, we have discovered that managers often fail to recognize the less obvious but profound ways these trends are influencing consumers' aspirations, attitudes, and behaviors.
請問老師these trends are influencing consumers' aspirations, attitudes, and behaviors是ways的同位格嗎？
謝謝老師
是關係子句，省掉了關係副詞that，修飾先行詞ways
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老師您好
回覆刪除The derivative of coconut fat, glycerine, acquired strategic importance in a quite different sphere, as Alfred Nobel introduced the world to his nitroglycerine-based invention: dynamite.
老師，這句to前後的內容不應該是He introduced his invention to the world嗎？
謝謝老師
這樣講，是「讓世人認識他的新發明」。
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老師您好
回覆刪除Literally cast onto desert island shores, with little more than sand to grow in and exposed to the full glare of the tropical sun, coconut seeds are able germinate and root.
如果把with little more than sand to grow in改寫成with little sand to grow in 兩者會有什麼區別嗎？
謝謝老師
首先，原句有錯：are able後面少了個to。其次，with little sand to grow in意思是「很少有沙子可以供其生長」，with little more than sand to grow in則是「除了沙子之外就沒什麼可以供其生長的東西了」。
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老師好
回覆刪除What a man thinks of himself, that it is which determines, or rather indicates, his fate.
可以改成這樣來理解嗎 It is what a man thinks of himself which determines his fate.
謝謝老師
原句要表達的是這個意思沒錯。that it is which是it is that which的倒裝。
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老師好
回覆刪除A research team led by Petrie, together with Dr Ravindanath Singh of Banaras Hindu University in India, found early in their investigations that…
請教老師副詞可以修飾介系詞片語嗎，例如這裡的early來修飾in their investigations
謝謝老師
可以。
刪除旋
老師好：
回覆刪除請問一下2/9的TIME雜誌，有一句話叫做，The hopes of a nation's revolution may rest on a dynastic politician who claims he's learned his lesson. 請問who 後面為什麼不是直接接動詞?謝謝老師 後面反而是接完整子句
主要子句句型如下：
刪除The hopes(S) ... may rest(V) on a dynastic politician
後面是關係子句修飾先行詞a dynamic politician：
who(S) claims(V) (that) he's learned his lesson(O)
旋
老師好：
回覆刪除請問一下，有一句話叫做，The President has cast his interest in acquiring Greenland as being primarily motivated by national-security concerns. 請問一下老師，being用法從來都覺得很複雜，這裡的being要怎麼解釋?另一個問題是，老師可以幫忙解說being的用法嗎?是作為ING用法去記憶嗎?
前面的as是介系詞，需要搭配名詞當受詞。motivated是形容詞類，要加上being作詞類變變成動名詞片語being motivated才能夠當as的受詞。
刪除being主要有兩個功能：一是詞類變化、一是強調進行。例如：
Without being told, the salesperson came in.
這裏需要being作詞類變化、成為動名詞片語being told，搭配介系詞without當作受詞。另外：
The project is being completed.
如果沒有being，只有completed，意思是「已經被完成」。加上being，意思變成「正在被完工」，世就是「尚未完成」。
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老師好：
回覆刪除請問一下，有一句話叫做，Back then, the darkest concern was that to visit the moon would be to ruin the moon. 這裡為什麼會在that 後面加上to? 老師上課是說加強語氣，要怎麼理解會比較好?
老師好：
回覆刪除請問一下，有一句話叫做，So Susan, who had no interest in being windowed by the moon, buttonholed Kraft in his office. 這裡的being要怎麼解釋? 好像又跟上面提問的being不一樣
還是一樣，詞類變化的功能。介系詞in後面需要名詞當受詞，所以要加上being成為動名詞片語。
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老師好：
回覆刪除請問一下，有一句話叫做，Meanwhile, many (S)/ are struggling (V)/ under the unsustainable repercussions of applying an industrial-era measure of productivity.老師上課的時候為什麼說are struggling (V)都是動詞? struggling應該是補語?
在我們文法課上是把be Ving分開：be是動詞、Ving是分詞補語。不過，傳統文法則是把它合在一起：be Ving是進行式的動詞片語。新舊兩種斷句其實都沒錯，看你要採用哪一種。
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老師好
回覆刪除1. She returned laden with tea …
請問老師，這是SV還是SVC？return可以是連綴動詞嗎？
2. and for international logging companies with short-term leases on tropical rainforest land in places with corrupt officials and unsophisticated landowners.
請問老師這句in places的用法，它在修飾什麼？而且，places用了複數，前面沒有限定詞，表示all全部的概念，覺得意思好像解釋不通？
謝謝老師
1
刪除完整的句型如下：
She returned (while she was) laden with tea.
副詞子句的連接詞不知是什麼，被減化掉，在此用while來詮釋。這是副詞子句減化的結果。
2
in places修飾的對象可能是companies，也可能是land，都講得通。places採用零冠詞，表示「所有地方」，但是後面有條件：with corrupt officials and unsophisticated landowners「官員貪污、地主無知」，因為成為：「在所有那些官員貪污、地主無知的地方」。
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老師我想追問第一個問題
刪除At present, the average car spends more than 90 percent of its life parked.
這個句型是SVOC嗎？但是檢驗一下，放個be動詞在受詞more than 90 percent of its life和parked之間好像也講不通？
那是不是這句也是while they are parked這個副詞子句被減化掉？
謝謝老師
老師好
回覆刪除From the 1840s until 1869, when the Suez Canal opened and steam propulsion was replacing sail, clippers dominated world trade.
請問老師，when子句是形容詞子句還是副詞子句？如果是形容詞子句，它修飾的先行詞是1869還是from the 1840s until 1869?
謝謝老師
是形容詞子句，先行詞應該是1869。
刪除旋
老師好，我之前上過理解文法，底下是講義的例句
回覆刪除It's not healthy to be thinking of your failures all the time. 本句的to您說是should，請問字義是什麼啊？
謝謝。
可還原為名詞子句如下：
刪除It's not healthy that you should be thinking of your failures all the time.
其中should暗示「不該、竟然」
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老師您好
回覆刪除Beyond these direct benefits, we can consider the wider implications for transport and society, and how manufacturing processes might need to respond as a result.
請問老師as a result在修飾誰？
謝謝老師
修飾動詞might need
刪除旋
老師您好
回覆刪除He recovered from a crash at the 1995 Australian Grand Prix to go on to win both the 1998 and 1999 Formula One World Championships.
to go on to= so that he could go on to, 而could是一般用法表示能力 ?
謝謝老師
正確！
刪除旋
老師好
回覆刪除In the ancient and medieval world such advertising as existed was conducted by word of mouth.
請問老師as existed如何分析？as是複合關係代名詞嗎？
謝謝老師
一般文法書稱之為「準關係代名詞」，特色是同時扮演連接詞與主詞兩種角色，後面可以直接加動詞。詳細分析，其實是省略造成的：
刪除such advertising as "the advertising that" existed
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不是加強語氣，而是「不確定語氣」：「假如」去事月，就「可能」會造成破壞。
回覆刪除旋
老師我想追問一個和上面 She returned (while she was) laden with tea. 相關的問題：
回覆刪除At present, the average car spends more than 90 percent of its life parked.
這個句型是SVOC嗎？但是檢驗一下，放個be動詞在受詞more than 90 percent of its life和parked之間好像也講不通？
那是不是這句也是while they are parked這個副詞子句被減化掉？
謝謝老師
你的分析完全正確。句型是SVO，後面的parked可以還原為副詞子句。
刪除旋
請問老師 我追問上面的句子
回覆刪除還原成這樣後 such advertising as "the advertising that" existed
as在這的詞類是？
謝謝老師
such as中的as是介系詞，搭配the advertising成為介系詞片語as the advertising。
刪除旋
老師好
回覆刪除我想請教一個關於名詞可數/不可數的問題，老師講過可數名詞只有兩類：有固定形狀的固體和度量衡單位。但是像是idea這樣的字，我們可以說an idea，但是idea既不是有固定形狀的固體也不是度量衡單位，而更像不可數名詞分類下的抽象名詞？
謝謝老師
文法課教的是大的分類，實際用法當然比較複雜。an idea指的是「一種、一個」。
刪除旋
老師您好
回覆刪除We had some terrible arguments and I would have died rather than apologize to him.
這個句子在描述過去的事情，爲什麽apologize不是apologized呢？
謝謝老師
I would have died rather than "I would" apologize to him.
刪除其中than是比較級的連接詞，要求平行對稱。後面用原形動詞，是與前面的have died共用語氣助動詞would。
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老師您好
回覆刪除77,000 child deaths could have been prevented if the US paid the dues it owed to the UN.
paid要改成had paid才對?
謝謝老師
正式寫作要用had paid才對。
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老師您好
回覆刪除One witness recounts seeing a friend killed, before being shot and stabbed himself
witness被刺，怎麼後面有himself(他又不是刺自己)
謝謝老師
證人說先看到朋友被殺，然後就是他（證人）自己遭槍擊、刀刺（沒死）。這個himself當副詞用，修飾being shot and stabbed。
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請教老師
回覆刪除Clerk: Would you like a private hot springs room today?
Dan: How much do they cost?
Clerk: For three people, it will be one thousand NT per hour.
1. a private hot springs room裡的溫泉為何用複數
2. it will be主詞是虛主詞嗎，還是a private room
3. 為何報價錢都用will be而不是事實語氣
謝謝老師